Bamboos make very good screening plants. You simply need to get a variety that exactly suits your requirements. You need to make sure you get one that is erect (that does not flop with rain or snow on the leaves), and does not have invasive spreading roots. Most bamboos are fast growing, and many are evergreen.
One that may be quite suitable for you is Semiarundinaria fastuosa. They are not cheap, but you can buy them already at 8 feet, and they will get to 15 feet within a couple of years, and taller.
That's not my garden, although I do have several of these plants.
There are hundreds of species of bamboo, and there may be other, even better, species. A specialist bamboo nursery could give you some good advice.