It is a bit late to put permanent planting into pots, though there are such things as hostas which you can plant now, probably better to wait until spring for most things to start permanent planting. Bulbs for spring need to start being planted end of August into September for daffodils, much later for tulips, violas are good now and may flower all winter depenedent upon the weather. Evergreens such as the small hollies are good, christmas box, any of the smaller euonymous, golden laurel - lots of choices for pots, worth looking around some good web sites for what is on offer now. The reality is that you can grow anything in a pot as long as you are willing to do everything for the plant that it cannot do for itself. For eating, small apples, plums, blueberries and - of course - strawberries.