Gorse flowers. Getty Images

Ulex europaeus

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GorseShrub, EvergreenFamily: Fabaceae

Height: 2.5mSpread: 2.5m
Hardy

Attractive to wildlife
Scented flowers

Flower colour:

Yellow

Foliage colour:

Green

Position

Sun Exposure:

Full sun

Aspect:

East facing, north facing, south facing, west facing

Position in Border:

Middle

Soil

Well Drained / Light / Sandy

Gorse (Ulex europaeus) is an evergreen, spiny shrub that grows on heathland, sea cliffs and waste ground across the UK, except on the Scottish Islands. It's well suited to poor soil in windy, exposed areas. Gorse can flower at any time of year, though it mainly blooms from January to June, with most flowers appearing in April and May. The bright yellow blooms resemble pea flowers and have a sweet coconut scent. Gorse plants are tough, drought-resistant and hardy.

Also known by its old names 'furze' and 'whin', Ulex europaeus is one of three native British gorse species. Western gorse (Ulex gallii) is a smaller plant at 1.5-2m. It's less widespread than common gorse and flowers from July to September. Dwarf gorse (Ulex minor) reaches only 1m and is restricted to acid, sandy heaths in south-east England.

Mature gorse bushes lack normal leaves. Instead they have spines, which are modified leaves. Young plants have the trifoliate leaves characteristic of many plants in the pea family. The sharp spines last year-round, making gorse scrub ideal as a habitat for birds to hide from predators and shelter from bad weather. In gardens it makes a useful hedging plant that will provide nesting and feeding habitats for wildlife while creating dense, prickly barriers that will deter intruders.

How to grow Ulex europaeus

Gorse (Ulex europaeus). Getty Images

Gorse (Ulex europaeus). Getty Images

Gorse thrives in sunny spots in poor, acidic soil, so ensure you have these conditions before buying, as it may grow leggy if planted in fertile garden soil. Plant gorse at any time of year and keep well watered until established. Gorse bushes require pruning only every two to three years, although hedges benefit from an annual trim. Prune after flowering in late spring or early summer, checking thoroughly for evidence of nesting birds first. Wear gloves and protective clothing when working with these spiky plants. Propagate gorse by seed or by taking semi-hardwood cuttings.

Advice on buying Ulex europaeus

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Make sure you have a sunny site with suitable soil before buying plants
Bare-root and small cell-grown plants are much cheaper than potted plants, however bare-root gorse will need to be planted during the dormant season between November and March
Always check plants for signs of pests and disease

Where to buy Ulex europaeus

Plant calendar

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Ulex ‘Europaeus’ and wildlife

Ulex ‘Europaeus’ is known for attracting bees, beneficial insects, birds and butterflies/moths. It is a caterpillar food plant, has nectar/pollen rich flowers and provides shelter and habitat.

Is known to attract Bees

Bees

Is known to attract Beneficial insects

Beneficial insects

Is known to attract Birds

Birds

Is known to attract Butterflies/Moths

Butterflies/Moths

Is not known to attract Other pollinators

Other pollinators

Is Ulex ‘Europaeus’ poisonous?

Ulex ‘Europaeus’ has no toxic effects reported.

No reported toxicity to:

Is not known to attract Birds

Birds

Is not known to attract Cats

Cats

Is not known to attract Dogs

Dogs

Is not known to attract Horses

Horses

Is not known to attract Livestock

Livestock

Is not known to attract People

People