How to train a fruit tree

Trained against a wall or fence, they take up hardly any room, and provide abundant crops. You can also use them as a screen or divider. You could combine them with dwarf fruit trees, which remain compact and can be grown in the ground or in pots.

More fruit tree content:

• Fruit tree root stocks explained
• Essential apple care guide
• How to plant an apple tree
• What are the blue tits pecking on my fruit tree? (video)
  

The main tree shapes are espaliers, fans and cordons – but which shape suits each type of fruit? Read on to find out.

Apples and pears

Apples and pears are usually trained as espaliers or cordons, with the tree grafted onto a dwarfing rootstock to restrict its vigour. If training one yourself from scratch, choose a spur-bearing variety (most varieties are spur-bearing), as tip-bearers aren't suitable for pruning in this way.

Stone fruit

Stone fruit – cherries, plums, peaches, apricots and nectarines – are traditionally trained as fans, as the shape suits their vigour and the fruit ripens better when given the warmth of a wall.

Figs

Fig trees are often grown as fans, too – as they also like the additional heat radiating from a wall in summer. As a bonus, the rubble at the base of many walls also restricts their roots, which stops them growing too leafy and promotes fruiting.

Soft fruits

Gooseberries, redcurrants and whitecurrants crop brilliantly when trained as double or triple cordons. They look great trained against a wall or standing independently as a garden divider.

Planting bareroot fruit trees

You'll find the best selection of varieties sold as bareroot trees in winter. This is a cheaper way of buying them, too.